What are the different parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands?
Kingdom of the Netherlands is made up of 4 countries: Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands. The Netherlands includes 3 public entities located in the Caribbean region: Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba.
Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
The Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands comprises of:
-
the countries of Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten; and
- the 3 public entities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba.
Koning Willem-Alexander is the head of state of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and of the individual countries that make up the Kingdom.
Cooperation
The Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations coordinates the working relationship between:
- the Netherlands and the other countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten);
- Government of the Netherlands and the public entities (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba);
in the areas of:
- good governance;
- healthy public finances and economic development;
- public safety and security.
For the public entities, the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations also coordinates cooperation in the areas of:
- poverty reduction; and
- infrastructure.
Capital: Oranjestad
Area: 180 km²
Population: 109,435 (mid 2025)
Population density: 608/km2
Official languages: Dutch and Papiamento
National anthem: Aruba Dushi Tera
Currency: Aruban florin
Special public holidays:
- 25 January: Betico Day
- 16 February 2026: Carnival Monday
- 18 March: National Anthem and Flag Day
Capital: Willemstad
Area: 444 km²
Population: 156,115 (early 2025)
Population density: 351/km2
Official languages: Dutch, Papiamentu
National anthem: Himno di Kòrsou
Currency: Caribbean guilder
Special public holidays:
- 16 February 2026: Carnival Monday
- 2 July: National Anthem and Flag Day
- 10 October: Dia di outonomia
The northern part of the island is called Saint-Martin and is an overseas collectivity of France.
Capital: Philipsburg
Area: 34 km²
Population: 42,938 (2023)
Population density: 1,262/km2
Official languages: Dutch and English
National anthem: O Sweet Saint Martin’s Land
Currency: Caribbean guilder
Special public holidays:
- 30 April: Carnival Day
- 1 July: Emancipation Day
- 10 October: Constitution Day
- 11 November: St. Maarten’s Day
Capital: Kralendijk
Area: 288 km²
Population: 26,552 (early 2025)
Population density: 92/km2
Official languages: Dutch, Papiamentu
National anthem: Tera di Solo y Suave Biento
Currency: US dollar
Special public holidays:
- 30 April 2020: Dia di Rincón
- 6 September: Dia di Boneiru, Dia di Himno i Bandera
- 15 December: Kingdom Day
Capital: Oranjestad
Area: 21 km²
Population: 3,270 (early 2025)
Population density: 155/km2
Official languages: Dutch and English
National anthem: Golden Rock
Currency: US dollar
Special public holidays:
- 16 November: Statia Day
- 15 December: Kingdom Day
Capital: The Bottom
Area: 13 km²
Population: 2,158 (early 2025)
Population density: 166/km2
Official languages: Dutch and English
National anthem: Saba you rise from the ocean
Currency: US dollar
Special public holidays:
- 30 April 2020: Dia di Rincón
- First Friday in December: Saba Day
- 15 December: Kingdom Day